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1. Source and physical and chemical properties of apigenin.

Apigenin is widely distributed in nature, especially in plants of the Thymelaeaceae, Verbenaceae, and Selaginellaceae families. In our daily diet, celery is an important source of apigenin. Apigenin exists in the form of light yellow needle-shaped crystals, which are almost insoluble in water, but soluble in hot alcohol and dilute KOH solutions. This characteristic determines its specific way of absorption and metabolism in the body.

2. Bioactivity and Health Benefits.

Apigenin has attracted much attention due to its diverse biological activities. First, apigenin has been shown to have significant anti-cancer effects. It can induce apoptosis of cancer cells with high selectivity while causing almost no damage to normal cells. This characteristic makes it show great potential in cancer treatment.

Apigenin also performs well in cardiovascular protection. It can lower cholesterol levels, improve blood pressure, and reduce inflammation, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. This mechanism of action of apigenin is closely related to its ability to dilate blood vessels and reduce vascular resistance.

In addition, apigenin also has many functions such as antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, sedative, beauty and weight loss. It can protect cells from oxidative stress and delay aging by removing free radicals in the body; at the same time, its anti-inflammatory effect can reduce inflammatory response and protect nerve cell function, which is of great significance in preventing neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.

In summary, apigenin, as a naturally occurring flavonoid compound, has received extensive attention and research for its various health benefits. From anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer to lowering blood pressure, protecting the liver, preventing diabetes and many other aspects, apigenin has demonstrated its unique pharmacological effects and broad application prospects. However, while enjoying the health benefits of apigenin, we should also look at its possible risks and challenges rationally, and consume and supplement it reasonably under professional guidance.