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Creatine monohydrate can improve the efficiency of energy metabolism in muscle cells and promote the activity of enzymes related to energy metabolism, such as promoting faster processes such as glycolysis and aerobic oxidation, so that muscle cells can produce and utilize ATP faster to meet the high demand for energy during muscle recovery.

1. Reduce muscle damage

Creatine monohydrate can increase the water content of muscle cells, making the muscle cells full, playing a certain buffering role, reducing friction and collision between muscle fibers during exercise, thereby reducing the degree of muscle damage.

Creatine monohydrate helps reduce the oxidative damage to muscle cells caused by free radicals produced during exercise. Free radicals attack the cell membranes, proteins, and DNA of muscle cells, causing damage to cell function.

2. Promote protein synthesis

Creatine monohydrate can activate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, which is a key regulator of cell growth and protein synthesis. Once activated, mTOR promotes ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis, increases the synthesis of contractile proteins such as actin and myosin and other functional proteins in muscle cells, helps repair damaged muscle tissue, and promotes muscle recovery and growth.

3. Relieve muscle inflammation

Creatine monohydrate has a certain anti-inflammatory effect. It can regulate inflammation-related signaling pathways and reduce the release and expression of inflammatory factors, such as reducing the levels of inflammatory factors such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), reducing muscle inflammatory response, relieving muscle pain and swelling, and creating a good internal environment for muscle recovery.

4. Enhance neuromuscular conduction

Creatine monohydrate also has a certain effect on the nervous system. It can affect the potential changes of nerve cell membranes and increase the excitability of nerve cells. During exercise, it can make nerve impulses pass to muscle fibers more quickly and effectively, so that muscles can receive contraction signals more quickly, and improve muscle reaction speed and strength output.

Long-term supplementation of creatine monohydrate can also improve the function of the neuromuscular junction, enhance the connection between nerves and muscles and the efficiency of signal transmission.

The neuromuscular junction is a special structure between nerve endings and muscle fibers, responsible for converting nerve impulses into muscle contractions. Creatine monohydrate can promote the release of more neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine from the presynaptic membrane at the neuromuscular junction, while enhancing the sensitivity of acetylcholine receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, so that nerve signals can be transmitted to muscle cells more accurately and efficiently, thereby enhancing muscle contraction strength and coordination.