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1. Reduces blood viscosity and improves hemodynamics.

It degrades plasma fibrinogen (32% degradation rate within 2 hours at a concentration of 1000 FU/mL in in vitro experiments), reducing the "adhesion mediators" of erythrocyte aggregation. Clinical data show that after 8 weeks of continuous use, subjects experienced a 23.7% reduction in whole blood viscosity and an 18.9% reduction in plasma viscosity.

It inhibits the expression of adhesion molecules on the erythrocyte surface, reducing the erythrocyte aggregation index (by 27%), improving blood flow, increasing capillary blood flow velocity by 41%, and making it easier for blood to penetrate the microvascular network.

2. Dissolve microthrombi and clear microcirculatory obstructions.

It activates the endogenous fibrinolytic system, promotes the conversion of plasminogen into plasmin, and continuously clears microthrombi in the intervascular endothelial space, preventing the recurrence of microthrombus formation. In a diabetic foot microcirculation disorder model, the incidence of microthrombi was reduced by 68% and the oxygen saturation of the foot skin was increased by 35% in the nattokinase treatment group.

3. Regulates vascular tone and dilates microvessels.

It increases the release of nitric oxide (NO) from vascular endothelial cells (by 34%). NO, as a natural vasodilator, can specifically dilate arterioles and precapillary sphincters, reducing peripheral vascular resistance.

It inhibits the expression of vasoconstrictors (such as endothelin-1) (inhibition rate up to 29%), balancing vasomotor function, especially effective against vasospasm induced by cold stimulation (such as Raynaud's phenomenon), increasing the capillary dilation rate in the fingers by 43%. It synergistically improves vascular elasticity by degrading fibrin deposits on the vascular wall, reducing vascular stiffness, and increasing microvascular compliance by 26%.

4. Repairs vascular endothelium and strengthens the microcirculation barrier.

It reduces endothelial damage caused by inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6) by 45%, promotes endothelial cell proliferation (increases proliferation rate by 31%), and repairs damaged capillary walls; it works synergistically with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to promote microvascular angiogenesis (capillary density increased by 38% in animal experiments), and is particularly suitable for microcirculation reconstruction in ischemic tissues (such as insufficient cerebral blood supply and lower limb ischemia).